Meat-eaters are speeding worldwide species extinction

“To find out [how meat consumption impacted biodiversity], Brian Machovina and his colleagues looked at studies that identified the world’s biodiversity hotspots—those areas that contain the highest percentage of endemic plant and animal species. Most are located in tropical nations. Then, the researchers picked out countries that are most likely to expand their industrial livestock operations, and determined where and how much land will be lost to grazing and growing crops to feed livestock. Using data from the Food and Agriculture Organization and other studies about the production of cattle, pigs, and chickens in these countries from 1985 to 2013 and the amount of land the livestock required, they extrapolated the likely future expansion of agricultural lands. Finally, they created maps of overlap.

“Many of the places expected to see the greatest shift in land use from forest to livestock are in 15 “megadiverse” countries, which harbor the largest number of species, Machovina says. “By 2050, given current trends, these countries will likely increase the lands used for livestock production by 30% to 50%”—some 3,000,000 square kilometers—the researchers estimate.

“The habitat loss is so great that it will cause more extinctions than any other factor, the study notes, particularly when coupled with other deleterious effects of livestock production, including climate change and pollution. “These changes will have major, negative impacts on biodiversity,” Machovina says. “Many, many species will be lost.”  Sourced through Scoop.it from: news.sciencemag.org

GR:  Eventually all human “eaters” speed extinction.  Soybeans, wheat, and cabbages all require land to grow.  As the number of hungry humans grows, the amount of farmed land will grow.  If the coming massive storms do not reverse our growth, the loss of nature will.

Wildlife groups say 41 tigers have died in India in seven months

Conservationists say India is not doing enough to protect tigers.  Six months after India boasted that its tiger population was growing fast, conservationists on Wednesday said 41 big…    Sourced through Scoop.it from: www.theguardian.com

GR:  The prospects for wild tigers in India are not good.  The human population is the only one that is growing.  India was once the nation that was most concerned with curbing human population growth.  But during the period from 1960 to today, the country’s population grew from 400 million to over one billion.  What happened?  Were the programs ineffective, or did they not receive enough support?

Fossil Fuel Ecocide Forces Starving Polar Bear to Hold Breath For Three Minutes in Seal Hunt

Image courtesy of the American Dream (The gaunt, emaciated and obviously starving polar bear that broke the recent diving record in a photo by Rinie van Meurs. Image source: Meurs Study and The Weather Network).

Like so many other innocent creatures on this planet, polar bears are facing ever-worsening life-threatening conditions due to the fossil fuel industry’s insistence to keep burning, and to keep us dependent on their horrific energy sources. The bears’ Arctic home has been transformed in ways that are profound and terrible. The sea ice they used for hunting grounds is greatly depleted. The seals they hunted for prey have ever-more-numerous avenues of escape into dark and warming waters.  Sourced through Scoop.it from: robertscribbler.com

GR:  Painful to see knowing that this is just one victim of our American dream.

Endangered and Threatened Arizona Species Qualifying for Endangered-Species-Act Protection

A Small Subset of Arizona’s #EndangeredSpecies

The Arizona Game and Fish Department provided this photo of an endangered ocelot spotted Feb. 8, 2011, in the Huachuca Mountains of southeastern Arizona.

The Arizona Game and Fish Department provided this photo of an endangered ocelot.

Many Arizona species with shrinking populations will never receive protection under the U. S. Endangered Species Act.  Some are doing well outside Arizona, but the principal reason for the absence of protection is that many Arizona species have not been identified. Of those that biologists have identified, most have not been studied in enough detail to know how well they are doing. This tragic lack of data is true of most wild species worldwide.

Click here for lists of some of Arizona’s other endangered species.

According to the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS), the list below, updated 02/13/2015,

  • shows listed species or populations believed to or known to occur in Arizona
  • does not include experimental populations and similarity-of-appearance listings.
  • includes species or populations under the sole jurisdiction of the National Marine Fisheries Service.

The list includes 21 plants and 44 animals.  The links for the species scientific names connect to official details for the listing. The linked pages include maps and some photos.  More species photos and other information are found at:  FWS Digital Media Library. However, the best resource for photos is a simple Google Image search.

E = Endangered

T = Threatened

Arizona #Endangered and #Threatened Animals (44)

     ..
E Ambersnail, Kanab Entire (Oxyloma haydeni kanabensis)
E Bat, lesser long-nosed Entire (Leptonycteris curasoae yerbabuenae)
E Bobwhite, masked (quail) Entire (Colinus virginianus ridgwayi)
T Catfish, Yaqui Entire (Ictalurus pricei)
E Chub, bonytail Entire (Gila elegans)
E Chub, Gila Entire (Gila intermedia)
E Chub, humpback Entire (Gila cypha)
T Chub, Sonora Entire (Gila ditaenia)
E Chub, Virgin River Entire (Gila seminuda (=robusta))
E Chub, Yaqui Entire (Gila purpurea)
E Condor, California Entire, except where listed as an experimental population (Gymnogyps californianus)
T Cuckoo, yellow-billed Western U.S. DPS (Coccyzus americanus)
E Ferret, black-footed entire population, except where EXPN (Mustela nigripes)
E Flycatcher, southwestern willow Entire (Empidonax traillii extimus)
T Frog, Chiricahua leopard Entire (Rana chiricahuensis)
T gartersnake, northern Mexican  (Thamnophis eques megalops)
E Jaguar U.S.A(AZ,CA,LA,NM,TX),Mexico,Central and South America (Panthera onca)
E Minnow, loach Entire (Tiaroga cobitis)
E Mouse, New Mexico meadow jumping  (Zapus hudsonius luteus)
E Ocelot U.S.A.(AZ, TX) to Central and South America (Leopardus (=Felis) pardalis)
T Owl, Mexican spotted Entire (Strix occidentalis lucida)
E Pikeminnow (=squawfish), Colorado Entire, except EXPN (Ptychocheilus lucius)
E Pronghorn, Sonoran Entire (Antilocapra americana sonoriensis)
E Pupfish, desert Entire (Cyprinodon macularius)
E Rail, Yuma clapper U.S.A. only (Rallus longirostris yumanensis)
T Rattlesnake, New Mexican ridge-nosed Entire (Crotalus willardi obscurus)
E Salamander, Sonora tiger Entire (Ambystoma tigrinum stebbinsi)
T Shiner, beautiful Entire (Cyprinella formosa)
T Snake, narrow-headed garter  (Thamnophis rufipunctatus)
E Spikedace Entire (Meda fulgida)
T Spinedace, Little Colorado Entire (Lepidomeda vittata)
T springsnail, San Bernardino Entire (Pyrgulopsis bernardina)
E Springsnail, Three Forks Entire (Pyrgulopsis trivialis)
E Squirrel, Mount Graham red Entire (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus grahamensis)
E Sucker, razorback Entire (Xyrauchen texanus)
E Sucker, Zuni bluehead  (Catostomus discobolus yarrowi)
E Tern, California least  (Sterna antillarum browni)
E Topminnow, Gila (incl. Yaqui) U.S.A. only (Poeciliopsis occidentalis)
T Tortoise, desert U.S.A., except in Sonoran Desert (Gopherus agassizii)
T Trout, Apache Entire (Oncorhynchus apache)
T Trout, Gila Entire (Oncorhynchus gilae)
E Vole, Hualapai Mexican Entire (Microtus mexicanus hualpaiensis)
E Wolf, Mexican gray Entire, except where an experimental population (Canis lupus baileyi)
E Woundfin Entire, except EXPN (Plagopterus argentissimus)

Arizona Endangered and Threatened Plants (21)

E Blue-star, Kearney’s (Amsonia kearneyana)
E Cactus, Acuna (Echinomastus erectocentrus var. acunensis)
E Cactus, Arizona hedgehog (Echinocereus triglochidiatus var. arizonicus)
E Cactus, Brady pincushion (Pediocactus bradyi)
T Cactus, Cochise pincushion (Coryphantha robbinsiorum)
E Cactus, Fickeisen plains (Pediocactus peeblesianus fickeiseniae)
E Cactus, Nichol’s Turk’s head (Echinocactus horizonthalonius var. nicholii)
E Cactus, Peebles Navajo (Pediocactus peeblesianus var. peeblesianus)
E Cactus, Pima pineapple (Coryphantha scheeri var. robustispina)
T Cactus, Siler pincushion (Pediocactus (=Echinocactus,=Utahia) sileri)
E Cliff-rose, Arizona (Purshia (=Cowania) subintegra)
T Cycladenia, Jones (Cycladenia humilis var. jonesii)
T Fleabane, Zuni (Erigeron rhizomatus)
E Ladies’-tresses, Canelo Hills (Spiranthes delitescens)
E mallow, Gierisch (Sphaeralcea gierischii)
E Milk-vetch, Holmgren (Astragalus holmgreniorum)
E Milk-vetch, Sentry (Astragalus cremnophylax var. cremnophylax)
T Milkweed, Welsh’s (Asclepias welshii)
T Ragwort, San Francisco Peaks (Packera franciscana)
T Sedge, Navajo (Carex specuicola)
E Water-umbel, Huachuca (Lilaeopsis schaffneriana var. recurva)

Extinction Resources: Information, Opinion, Ideas, & Questions

Extinction Information Resources

PassengerPigeon

Passenger Pigeon

Stopping human-caused extinction of Earth’s plant and animal species is the greatest challenge of our time. This post provides access to the latest articles on extinction. The first item (Ceballos et al. 2015) is the latest detailed report on what we know and how we acquired the information.

 Ceballos, Gerardo, Paul R. Ehrlich, Anthony D. Barnosky, Andrés García, Robert M. Pringle, and Todd M. Palmer. 19 June 2015. Accelerated modern human–induced species losses: Entering the sixth mass extinction. Science Advances Vol. 1, no. 5 (e1400253, DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1400253). Corresponding author. E-mail: gceballo@ecologia.unam.mx.

More than a thousand recent articles are linked to my blog (http://garryrogers.com/blog):

Causes of Extinction

My blog covers the things that people do to cause extinctions and reduce biodiversity. These deeds of ours are woven into individual and our collective habits and beliefs. Stopping them will alter our society and our culture. It will be difficult. Our population must be reduced, our food choices must change, and our resource harvest must decline. Nothing less will succeed. Search the blog using the following terms for recent reports:  Burning, Coal, Construction, Deforestation, Desertification, Energy, Farming, Fishing, Fracking, Grazing, Hunting, Invasive Species, Logging, Mining, Oil, Pesticides, Pet Trade, Pollution, Population, Roads, and Soil.

Climate change will become the major cause of extinction.  Here’s its search link on my blog:  Climate Change.

For more reading, my Internet newsletters include a wider variety of articles than my blog.

The looming DARK Act

“The Monsanto-backed bill to undercut GMO labeling efforts just got worse. Faced with increased push-back at state and local levels, the pesticide/biotech corporation — and its allies in Congress — are attempting to further limit choice in the food and farming system.

“In this latest version of what critics have dubbed the “Denying American’s Right to Know” or DARK Act, industry has snuck in a provision that would limit the authority of local government to create rules on genetically engineered (GE) crops. A House vote is scheduled for Thursday.

“Worried that nearby GE crops might cross-pollinate and contaminate your fields or threaten your organic certification? Tough luck. Want to know what’s being grown nearby? Too bad. Want to protect schoolchildren from pesticides applied on GE crops nearby? Suck it up.”  Sourced through Scoop.it from: www.panna.org

GR:  This keeps happening because there are congressmen waiting in line with their hands out.  Set low limits on campaign spending, eliminate campaign finance by private companies, and dynamite the revolving door.

Fate of the Crowfoot Valley Prairie Dog Colony

by Deanna Meyer, Deep Green Resistance, Colorado.  When we visited the Crowfoot site to confirm the mass annihilation of the last large colony of prairie dogs in the Castle Rock area, we found that all the burrows were packed hard as concrete. I tried to shovel out the burrows but could not because they were …

Sourced through Scoop.it from: deepgreenresistancesouthwest.org

GR:  This is what we’ve always done with wild animals in our way. Now that there aren’t many prairie dogs left, we don’t stop.

Here’s More Proof Earth Is in Its 6th Mass Extinction

Diverse animals across the globe are slipping away and dying as Earth enters its sixth mass extinction, a new study finds.  Sourced through Scoop.it from: news.yahoo.com

The Unseen Extinction Wiping Out the World’s Wildlife

Researchers find that species we ignore, such as snails, are disappearing at a rapid pace—a sign that a mass extinction is upon us.

Sourced through Scoop.it from: www.takepart.com